<p>Section I. Sex Differences in Neuroanatomy and Neurophysiology<br>1. Structural differences between male and female brains<br>2. Beyond sex differences and a male-female continuum: mosaic brains in a multidimensional space<br>3. Brain development<br>4. HPA axis, stress <br>5. Spatial skills<br>6. Gender differences in language are small but matter for disorders<br>7. Sex differences in cognition and aging and the influence of sex hormones<br>8. Sex and the serotonin system<br>9. Sex and the dopaminergic system: Insights from addiction studies<br>10. Sex and the noradrenergic system</p> <p>Section II. Genes, Hormones, and Epigenetic Mechanisms<br>11. Genetics of sex differences in neuroanatomy and function<br>12. Sex hormones and human brain function<br>13. Environmental epigenetics of sex differences in the brain</p> <p>Section III. Sex Differences in Neurologic Disorders<br>14. Brain structural and neuroendocrine basis of sex differences in epilepsy <br>15. Neuroinflammation<br>16. Sex difference in Alzheimer Disease: an updated, balanced and emerging perspective on differing vulnerabilities<br>17. Sex differences in movement disorders<br>18. Autism spectrum disorder<br>19. Sex differences in stroke</p> <p>Section IV. Sex Differences in Psychiatric Disorders<br>20. Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders<br>21. Sex differences in stress-related disorders: major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder<br>22. The role of sex and gender in anxiety disorders: being scared ‘like a girl’?<br>23. Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders<br>24. Feeding and eating disorders<br>25. Sex differences in antisocial and aggressive disorders that onset in childhood and persist into adulthood<br>26. Addiction among women and sexual minority groups</p> <p>Section V. Gender Medicine: Towards a Gender-Specific Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Disorders<br>27. Gender medicine: towards a gender-specific treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders</p>