Errol Reiss,
E Reiss,
H. Jean Shadomy,
G. Marshall Lyon
e.a.
John Wiley & Sons
e druk, 2011
9780470177914
Fundamental Medical Mycology
Specificaties
Gebonden, 648 blz.
|
Engels
John Wiley & Sons |
2011
ISBN13: 9780470177914
Rubricering
Verwachte levertijd ongeveer 16 werkdagen
Samenvatting
Medical mycology deals with those infections in humans, and animals resulting from pathogenic fungi. As a separate discipline, the concepts, methods, diagnosis, and treatment of fungal diseases of humans are specific. Incorporating the very latest information concerning this area of vital interest to research and clinical microbiologists,
Fundamental Medical Mycology balances clinical and laboratory knowledge to provide clinical laboratory scientists, medical students, interns, residents, and fellows with in–depth coverage of each fungal disease and its etiologic agents from both the laboratory and clinical perspective. Richly illustrated throughout, the book includes numerous case presentations.
Specificaties
Inhoudsopgave
Preface xvii
<p>Acknowledgments xix</p>
<p>Part One Introduction to Fundamental Medical Mycology, Laboratory Diagnostic Methods, and Antifungal Therapy</p>
<p>1. Introduction to Fundamental Medical Mycology 3</p>
<p>1.1 Topics not Covered, or Receiving Secondary Emphasis 3</p>
<p>1.2 Biosafety Considerations: Before You Begin Work with Pathogenic Fungi... 3</p>
<p>1.3 Fungi Defined: Their Ecologic Niche 5</p>
<p>1.4 Medical Mycology 5</p>
<p>1.5 A Brief History of Medical Mycology 6</p>
<p>1.6 Rationale for Fungal Identification 9</p>
<p>1.7 Sporulation 11</p>
<p>1.8 Dimorphism 11</p>
<p>1.9 Sex in Fungi 13</p>
<p>1.10 Classification of Mycoses Based on the Primary Site of Pathology 13</p>
<p>1.11 Taxonomy/Classification: Kingdom Fungi 14</p>
<p>1.12 General Composition of the Fungal Cell 21</p>
<p>1.13 Primary Pathogens 25</p>
<p>1.14 Endemic Versus Worldwide Presence 26</p>
<p>1.15 Opportunistic Fungal Pathogens 26</p>
<p>1.16 Determinants of Pathogenicity 27</p>
<p>2. Laboratory Diagnostic Methods in Medical Mycology 31</p>
<p>2.1 Who Is Responsible for Identifying Pathogenic Fungi? 31</p>
<p>2.2 What Methods are Used to Identify Pathogenic Fungi? 31</p>
<p>2.3 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification of Fungi in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory 33</p>
<p>2.4 Genetic Identification of Fungi 64</p>
<p>3A. Antifungal Agents and Therapy 75</p>
<p>3B. Antifungal Susceptibility Tests 107</p>
<p>Part Two Systemic Mycoses Caused by Dimorphic Environmental Molds (Endemic Mycoses)</p>
<p>4. Blastomycosis 125</p>
<p>4.1 Blastomycosis–at–a–Glance 125</p>
<p>4.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 125</p>
<p>4.3 Case Presentations 126</p>
<p>4.4 Diagnosis 127</p>
<p>4.5 Etiologic Agent 127</p>
<p>4.6 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 128</p>
<p>4.7 Epidemiology 129</p>
<p>4.8 Risk Groups/Factors 129</p>
<p>4.9 Transmission 129</p>
<p>4.10 Determinants of Pathogenicity 130</p>
<p>4.11 Clinical Forms 131</p>
<p>4.12 Veterinary Forms 133</p>
<p>4.13 Therapy 133</p>
<p>4.14 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 134</p>
<p>5. Coccidioidomycosis 141</p>
<p>5.1 Coccidioidomycosis–at–a–Glance 141</p>
<p>5.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 141</p>
<p>5.3 Case Presentations 142</p>
<p>5.4 Diagnosis 143</p>
<p>5.5 Etiologic Agents 143</p>
<p>5.6 Geographic Distribution / Ecologic Niche 144</p>
<p>5.7 Epidemiology 147</p>
<p>5.7.1 Incidence and Prevalence 147</p>
<p>5.8 Risk Groups / Factors 149</p>
<p>5.9 Transmission 150</p>
<p>5.10 Determinants of Pathogenicity and Pathogenesis 151</p>
<p>5.11 Clinical Forms 155</p>
<p>5.12 Veterinary Forms 156</p>
<p>5.13 Therapy 156</p>
<p>5.14 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 158</p>
<p>6. Histoplasmosis 165</p>
<p>6.1 Histoplasmosis–at–a–Glance 165</p>
<p>6.2 Introduction / Disease Definition 165</p>
<p>6.3 Case Presentations 166</p>
<p>6.4 Etiologic Agents 169</p>
<p>6.5 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 170</p>
<p>6.6 Epidemiology 171</p>
<p>6.7 Transmission 171</p>
<p>6.8 Determinants of Pathogenicity 172</p>
<p>6.9 Clinical Forms 175</p>
<p>6.10 Veterinary Forms 178</p>
<p>6.11 Therapy 179</p>
<p>6.12 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and</p>
<p>7. Paracoccidioidomycosis 187</p>
<p>7.1 Paracoccidioidomycosis–ata–Glance 187</p>
<p>7.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 187</p>
<p>7.3 Case Presentation 188</p>
<p>7.4 Etiologic Agent 188</p>
<p>7.5 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 189</p>
<p>7.6 Epidemiology 189</p>
<p>7.7 Transmission 191</p>
<p>7.8 Determinants of Pathogenicity 191</p>
<p>7.9 Clinical Forms 192</p>
<p>7.10 Veterinary Forms 193</p>
<p>7.11 Therapy 194</p>
<p>7.12 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 195</p>
<p>8. Penicilliosis 201</p>
<p>8.1 Penicilliosis–at–a–Glance 201</p>
<p>8.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 201</p>
<p>8.3 Case Presentation 202</p>
<p>8.4 Diagnosis 203</p>
<p>8.5 Etiologic Agents 203</p>
<p>8.6 Geographic Distribution / Ecologic Niche 203</p>
<p>8.7 Epidemiology 204</p>
<p>8.8 Risk Groups/Factors 205</p>
<p>8.9 Transmission 205</p>
<p>8.10 Determinants of Pathogenicity 205</p>
<p>8.11 Clinical Forms 206</p>
<p>8.12 Veterinary Forms 208</p>
<p>8.13 Therapy 208</p>
<p>8.14 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 208</p>
<p>9. Sporotrichosis 215</p>
<p>9.1 Sporotrichosis–at–a–Glance 215</p>
<p>9.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 215</p>
<p>9.3 Case Presentations 216</p>
<p>9.4 Diagnosis 218</p>
<p>9.5 Etiologic Agents 218</p>
<p>9.6 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 219</p>
<p>9.7 Epidemiology 219</p>
<p>9.8 Transmission 220</p>
<p>9.9 Determinants of Pathogenicity 220</p>
<p>9.10 Clinical Forms 223</p>
<p>9.11 Human Animal Interface 224</p>
<p>9.12 Therapy 225</p>
<p>9.13 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 227</p>
<p>10A. Less Frequent Mycoses Caused by Dimorphic Environmental Molds: Adiaspiromycosis 233</p>
<p>10B. Less Frequent Mycoses Caused by Dimorphic Environmental Molds (Endemic Mycoses): Lobomycosis (Jorge Lobo′s Disease) 241</p>
<p>Part Three Systemic Mycoses Caused by Opportunistic Yeasts and Pneumocystis</p>
<p>11. Candidiasis and Less Common Yeast Genera 251</p>
<p>11.1 Candidiasis–at–a–Glance 251</p>
<p>11.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 251</p>
<p>11.3 Case Presentations 252</p>
<p>11.4 Diagnosis 255</p>
<p>11.5 Etiologic Agents and their Ecologic Niches 255</p>
<p>11.6 Epidemiology 258</p>
<p>11.7 Risk Groups/Factors 264</p>
<p>11.8 Transmission 265</p>
<p>11.9 Clinical Forms 266</p>
<p>11.10 Determinants of Pathogenicity 273</p>
<p>11.11 Therapy 282</p>
<p>11.12 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 286</p>
<p>11.13 Less Common Opportunistic Yeast Genera 292</p>
<p>12. Cryptococcosis 303</p>
<p>12.1 Cryptococcosis–at–a–Glance 303</p>
<p>12.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 303</p>
<p>12.3 Case Presentations 304</p>
<p>12.4 Etiologic Agents 307</p>
<p>12.5 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 311</p>
<p>12.6 Epidemiology 312</p>
<p>12.7 Risk Groups/Factors 315</p>
<p>12.8 Transmission 316</p>
<p>12.9 Determinants of Pathogenicity 316</p>
<p>12.10 Clinical Forms 321</p>
<p>12.11 Veterinary Forms 323</p>
<p>12.12 Therapy 324</p>
<p>12.13 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 326</p>
<p>13. Pneumocystosis 333</p>
<p>13.1 Pneumocystosis–at–a–Glance 333</p>
<p>13.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 333</p>
<p>13.3 Case Presentation 334</p>
<p>13.4 Etiologic Agent 335</p>
<p>13.5 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 336</p>
<p>13.6 Epidemiology 337</p>
<p>13.7 Risk Groups/Factors 339</p>
<p>13.8 Transmission 340</p>
<p>13.9 Determinants of Pathogenicity 340</p>
<p>13.10 Clinical Forms 343</p>
<p>13.11 Therapy 346</p>
<p>13.12 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 348</p>
<p>Part Four Systemic Mycoses Caused by Opportunistic Hyaline Molds</p>
<p>14. Aspergillosis 357</p>
<p>14.1 Aspergillosis at–a–Glance 357</p>
<p>14.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 358</p>
<p>14.3 Case Presentations 358</p>
<p>14.4 Etiologic Agents 361</p>
<p>14.5 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 362</p>
<p>14.6 Epidemiology and Risk Groups/Factors 363</p>
<p>14.7 Transmission 369</p>
<p>14.8 Determinants of Pathogenicity 370</p>
<p>14.9 Clinical Forms 375</p>
<p>14.10 Veterinary Forms 378</p>
<p>14.11 Therapy 379</p>
<p>14.12 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 383</p>
<p>15. Fusarium Mycosis 397</p>
<p>15.1 Fusarium Mycosis–at–a–Glance 397</p>
<p>15.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 398</p>
<p>15.3 Case Presentation 398</p>
<p>15.4 Etiologic Agents 399</p>
<p>15.5 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 399</p>
<p>15.6 Epidemiology 399</p>
<p>15.7 Transmission 401</p>
<p>15.8 Determinants of Pathogenicity 401</p>
<p>15.9 Clinical Forms 402</p>
<p>15.10 Veterinary Forms 404</p>
<p>15.11 Therapy 405</p>
<p>15.12 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 407</p>
<p>16. Pseudallescheria/Scedosporium Mycosis 413</p>
<p>16.1 Pseudallescheria/Scedosporium Mycosis–at–a–Glance 413</p>
<p>16.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 414</p>
<p>16.3 Case Presentations 414</p>
<p>16.4 Diagnosis 416</p>
<p>16.5 Etiologic Agents 416</p>
<p>16.6 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 418</p>
<p>16.7 Epidemiology 419</p>
<p>16.8 Transmission 421</p>
<p>16.9 Determinants of Pathogenicity 421</p>
<p>16.10 Clinical Forms 422</p>
<p>16.11 Veterinary Forms 423</p>
<p>16.12 Therapy 424</p>
<p>16.13 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 426</p>
<p>17A. Mucormycosis 431</p>
<p>17B. Entomophthoramycosis Caused by Basidiobolus ranarum 457</p>
<p>17C. Entomophthoramycosis Caused by Conidiobolus Species 467</p>
<p>Part Five Mycoses of Implantation</p>
<p>18. Chromoblastomycosis 479</p>
<p>18.1 Chromoblastomycosis–at–a–Glance 479</p>
<p>18.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 479</p>
<p>18.3 Case Presentation 480</p>
<p>18.4 Diagnosis 480</p>
<p>18.5 Etiologic Agents 481</p>
<p>18.6 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 482</p>
<p>18.7 Epidemiology and Risk Groups/Factors 482</p>
<p>18.8 Transmission 483</p>
<p>18.9 Determinants of Pathogenicity 483</p>
<p>18.10 Clinical Forms 485</p>
<p>18.11 Therapy 485</p>
<p>18.12 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 487</p>
<p>19. Phaeohyphomycosis 493</p>
<p>19.1 Phaeohyphomycosis–at–a–Glance 493</p>
<p>19.2 Introduction 493</p>
<p>19A Cutaneous Subcutaneous Phaeohyphomycosis 494</p>
<p>19B Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis 499</p>
<p>19C Fungal Sinusitis 503</p>
<p>19.3 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 506<br /> </p>
<p>20. Eumycetoma (Madura Foot, Maduramycosis) 513</p>
<p>20.1 Eumycetoma at–a–Glance 513</p>
<p>20.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 513</p>
<p>20.3 Case Presentation 514</p>
<p>20.4 Diagnosis 514</p>
<p>20.5 Etiologic Agent(s) 514</p>
<p>20.6 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 515</p>
<p>20.7 Epidemiology 515</p>
<p>20.8 Risk Groups/Factors 516</p>
<p>20.9 Transmission 516</p>
<p>20.10 Determinants of Pathogenicity 516</p>
<p>20.11 Clinical Forms (Fahal, 2004) 517</p>
<p>20.12 Veterinary Forms 518</p>
<p>20.13 Therapy 518</p>
<p>20.14 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 520</p>
<p>Part Six Dermatophytosis and Dermatomycoses (Superficial Cutaneous Mycoses)</p>
<p>21. Dermatophytosis 527</p>
<p>21.1 Dermatophytosis–at–a–Glance 527</p>
<p>21.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 528</p>
<p>21.3 Case Presentations 529</p>
<p>21.4 Diagnosis 530</p>
<p>21.5 Etiologic Agents 530</p>
<p>21.6 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 534</p>
<p>21.7 Epidemiology 534</p>
<p>21.8 Risk Groups/Factors 537</p>
<p>21.9 Transmission 539</p>
<p>21.10 Determinants of Pathogenicity 540</p>
<p>21.11 Clinical Forms 542</p>
<p>21.12 Veterinary Forms 550</p>
<p>21.13 Therapy 552</p>
<p>21.14 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 554</p>
<p>22. Dermatomycoses 567<br /> </p>
<p>22A Major Nondermatophytic Fungi from Skin and Nails 567</p>
<p>22B Superficial Mycosis of the Hair Caused by a Nondermatophyte Mold: Black Piedra 569</p>
<p>22C Superficial Mycoses Caused by Yeasts and Yeast–like Fungi 571</p>
<p>22D Chrysosporium and Other Nonpathogenic or Opportunistic Fungi Isolated from Skin and Resembling Dermatophytes in Culture 584</p>
<p>Selected References for</p>
<p>Dermatomycoses 585</p>
<p>Website Cited 587</p>
<p>Questions 587</p>
<p>Glossary 589</p>
<p>Answer Key 607</p>
<p>Index 611</p>
<p>Acknowledgments xix</p>
<p>Part One Introduction to Fundamental Medical Mycology, Laboratory Diagnostic Methods, and Antifungal Therapy</p>
<p>1. Introduction to Fundamental Medical Mycology 3</p>
<p>1.1 Topics not Covered, or Receiving Secondary Emphasis 3</p>
<p>1.2 Biosafety Considerations: Before You Begin Work with Pathogenic Fungi... 3</p>
<p>1.3 Fungi Defined: Their Ecologic Niche 5</p>
<p>1.4 Medical Mycology 5</p>
<p>1.5 A Brief History of Medical Mycology 6</p>
<p>1.6 Rationale for Fungal Identification 9</p>
<p>1.7 Sporulation 11</p>
<p>1.8 Dimorphism 11</p>
<p>1.9 Sex in Fungi 13</p>
<p>1.10 Classification of Mycoses Based on the Primary Site of Pathology 13</p>
<p>1.11 Taxonomy/Classification: Kingdom Fungi 14</p>
<p>1.12 General Composition of the Fungal Cell 21</p>
<p>1.13 Primary Pathogens 25</p>
<p>1.14 Endemic Versus Worldwide Presence 26</p>
<p>1.15 Opportunistic Fungal Pathogens 26</p>
<p>1.16 Determinants of Pathogenicity 27</p>
<p>2. Laboratory Diagnostic Methods in Medical Mycology 31</p>
<p>2.1 Who Is Responsible for Identifying Pathogenic Fungi? 31</p>
<p>2.2 What Methods are Used to Identify Pathogenic Fungi? 31</p>
<p>2.3 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification of Fungi in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory 33</p>
<p>2.4 Genetic Identification of Fungi 64</p>
<p>3A. Antifungal Agents and Therapy 75</p>
<p>3B. Antifungal Susceptibility Tests 107</p>
<p>Part Two Systemic Mycoses Caused by Dimorphic Environmental Molds (Endemic Mycoses)</p>
<p>4. Blastomycosis 125</p>
<p>4.1 Blastomycosis–at–a–Glance 125</p>
<p>4.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 125</p>
<p>4.3 Case Presentations 126</p>
<p>4.4 Diagnosis 127</p>
<p>4.5 Etiologic Agent 127</p>
<p>4.6 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 128</p>
<p>4.7 Epidemiology 129</p>
<p>4.8 Risk Groups/Factors 129</p>
<p>4.9 Transmission 129</p>
<p>4.10 Determinants of Pathogenicity 130</p>
<p>4.11 Clinical Forms 131</p>
<p>4.12 Veterinary Forms 133</p>
<p>4.13 Therapy 133</p>
<p>4.14 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 134</p>
<p>5. Coccidioidomycosis 141</p>
<p>5.1 Coccidioidomycosis–at–a–Glance 141</p>
<p>5.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 141</p>
<p>5.3 Case Presentations 142</p>
<p>5.4 Diagnosis 143</p>
<p>5.5 Etiologic Agents 143</p>
<p>5.6 Geographic Distribution / Ecologic Niche 144</p>
<p>5.7 Epidemiology 147</p>
<p>5.7.1 Incidence and Prevalence 147</p>
<p>5.8 Risk Groups / Factors 149</p>
<p>5.9 Transmission 150</p>
<p>5.10 Determinants of Pathogenicity and Pathogenesis 151</p>
<p>5.11 Clinical Forms 155</p>
<p>5.12 Veterinary Forms 156</p>
<p>5.13 Therapy 156</p>
<p>5.14 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 158</p>
<p>6. Histoplasmosis 165</p>
<p>6.1 Histoplasmosis–at–a–Glance 165</p>
<p>6.2 Introduction / Disease Definition 165</p>
<p>6.3 Case Presentations 166</p>
<p>6.4 Etiologic Agents 169</p>
<p>6.5 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 170</p>
<p>6.6 Epidemiology 171</p>
<p>6.7 Transmission 171</p>
<p>6.8 Determinants of Pathogenicity 172</p>
<p>6.9 Clinical Forms 175</p>
<p>6.10 Veterinary Forms 178</p>
<p>6.11 Therapy 179</p>
<p>6.12 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and</p>
<p>7. Paracoccidioidomycosis 187</p>
<p>7.1 Paracoccidioidomycosis–ata–Glance 187</p>
<p>7.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 187</p>
<p>7.3 Case Presentation 188</p>
<p>7.4 Etiologic Agent 188</p>
<p>7.5 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 189</p>
<p>7.6 Epidemiology 189</p>
<p>7.7 Transmission 191</p>
<p>7.8 Determinants of Pathogenicity 191</p>
<p>7.9 Clinical Forms 192</p>
<p>7.10 Veterinary Forms 193</p>
<p>7.11 Therapy 194</p>
<p>7.12 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 195</p>
<p>8. Penicilliosis 201</p>
<p>8.1 Penicilliosis–at–a–Glance 201</p>
<p>8.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 201</p>
<p>8.3 Case Presentation 202</p>
<p>8.4 Diagnosis 203</p>
<p>8.5 Etiologic Agents 203</p>
<p>8.6 Geographic Distribution / Ecologic Niche 203</p>
<p>8.7 Epidemiology 204</p>
<p>8.8 Risk Groups/Factors 205</p>
<p>8.9 Transmission 205</p>
<p>8.10 Determinants of Pathogenicity 205</p>
<p>8.11 Clinical Forms 206</p>
<p>8.12 Veterinary Forms 208</p>
<p>8.13 Therapy 208</p>
<p>8.14 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 208</p>
<p>9. Sporotrichosis 215</p>
<p>9.1 Sporotrichosis–at–a–Glance 215</p>
<p>9.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 215</p>
<p>9.3 Case Presentations 216</p>
<p>9.4 Diagnosis 218</p>
<p>9.5 Etiologic Agents 218</p>
<p>9.6 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 219</p>
<p>9.7 Epidemiology 219</p>
<p>9.8 Transmission 220</p>
<p>9.9 Determinants of Pathogenicity 220</p>
<p>9.10 Clinical Forms 223</p>
<p>9.11 Human Animal Interface 224</p>
<p>9.12 Therapy 225</p>
<p>9.13 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 227</p>
<p>10A. Less Frequent Mycoses Caused by Dimorphic Environmental Molds: Adiaspiromycosis 233</p>
<p>10B. Less Frequent Mycoses Caused by Dimorphic Environmental Molds (Endemic Mycoses): Lobomycosis (Jorge Lobo′s Disease) 241</p>
<p>Part Three Systemic Mycoses Caused by Opportunistic Yeasts and Pneumocystis</p>
<p>11. Candidiasis and Less Common Yeast Genera 251</p>
<p>11.1 Candidiasis–at–a–Glance 251</p>
<p>11.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 251</p>
<p>11.3 Case Presentations 252</p>
<p>11.4 Diagnosis 255</p>
<p>11.5 Etiologic Agents and their Ecologic Niches 255</p>
<p>11.6 Epidemiology 258</p>
<p>11.7 Risk Groups/Factors 264</p>
<p>11.8 Transmission 265</p>
<p>11.9 Clinical Forms 266</p>
<p>11.10 Determinants of Pathogenicity 273</p>
<p>11.11 Therapy 282</p>
<p>11.12 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 286</p>
<p>11.13 Less Common Opportunistic Yeast Genera 292</p>
<p>12. Cryptococcosis 303</p>
<p>12.1 Cryptococcosis–at–a–Glance 303</p>
<p>12.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 303</p>
<p>12.3 Case Presentations 304</p>
<p>12.4 Etiologic Agents 307</p>
<p>12.5 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 311</p>
<p>12.6 Epidemiology 312</p>
<p>12.7 Risk Groups/Factors 315</p>
<p>12.8 Transmission 316</p>
<p>12.9 Determinants of Pathogenicity 316</p>
<p>12.10 Clinical Forms 321</p>
<p>12.11 Veterinary Forms 323</p>
<p>12.12 Therapy 324</p>
<p>12.13 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 326</p>
<p>13. Pneumocystosis 333</p>
<p>13.1 Pneumocystosis–at–a–Glance 333</p>
<p>13.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 333</p>
<p>13.3 Case Presentation 334</p>
<p>13.4 Etiologic Agent 335</p>
<p>13.5 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 336</p>
<p>13.6 Epidemiology 337</p>
<p>13.7 Risk Groups/Factors 339</p>
<p>13.8 Transmission 340</p>
<p>13.9 Determinants of Pathogenicity 340</p>
<p>13.10 Clinical Forms 343</p>
<p>13.11 Therapy 346</p>
<p>13.12 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 348</p>
<p>Part Four Systemic Mycoses Caused by Opportunistic Hyaline Molds</p>
<p>14. Aspergillosis 357</p>
<p>14.1 Aspergillosis at–a–Glance 357</p>
<p>14.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 358</p>
<p>14.3 Case Presentations 358</p>
<p>14.4 Etiologic Agents 361</p>
<p>14.5 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 362</p>
<p>14.6 Epidemiology and Risk Groups/Factors 363</p>
<p>14.7 Transmission 369</p>
<p>14.8 Determinants of Pathogenicity 370</p>
<p>14.9 Clinical Forms 375</p>
<p>14.10 Veterinary Forms 378</p>
<p>14.11 Therapy 379</p>
<p>14.12 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 383</p>
<p>15. Fusarium Mycosis 397</p>
<p>15.1 Fusarium Mycosis–at–a–Glance 397</p>
<p>15.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 398</p>
<p>15.3 Case Presentation 398</p>
<p>15.4 Etiologic Agents 399</p>
<p>15.5 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 399</p>
<p>15.6 Epidemiology 399</p>
<p>15.7 Transmission 401</p>
<p>15.8 Determinants of Pathogenicity 401</p>
<p>15.9 Clinical Forms 402</p>
<p>15.10 Veterinary Forms 404</p>
<p>15.11 Therapy 405</p>
<p>15.12 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 407</p>
<p>16. Pseudallescheria/Scedosporium Mycosis 413</p>
<p>16.1 Pseudallescheria/Scedosporium Mycosis–at–a–Glance 413</p>
<p>16.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 414</p>
<p>16.3 Case Presentations 414</p>
<p>16.4 Diagnosis 416</p>
<p>16.5 Etiologic Agents 416</p>
<p>16.6 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 418</p>
<p>16.7 Epidemiology 419</p>
<p>16.8 Transmission 421</p>
<p>16.9 Determinants of Pathogenicity 421</p>
<p>16.10 Clinical Forms 422</p>
<p>16.11 Veterinary Forms 423</p>
<p>16.12 Therapy 424</p>
<p>16.13 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 426</p>
<p>17A. Mucormycosis 431</p>
<p>17B. Entomophthoramycosis Caused by Basidiobolus ranarum 457</p>
<p>17C. Entomophthoramycosis Caused by Conidiobolus Species 467</p>
<p>Part Five Mycoses of Implantation</p>
<p>18. Chromoblastomycosis 479</p>
<p>18.1 Chromoblastomycosis–at–a–Glance 479</p>
<p>18.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 479</p>
<p>18.3 Case Presentation 480</p>
<p>18.4 Diagnosis 480</p>
<p>18.5 Etiologic Agents 481</p>
<p>18.6 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 482</p>
<p>18.7 Epidemiology and Risk Groups/Factors 482</p>
<p>18.8 Transmission 483</p>
<p>18.9 Determinants of Pathogenicity 483</p>
<p>18.10 Clinical Forms 485</p>
<p>18.11 Therapy 485</p>
<p>18.12 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 487</p>
<p>19. Phaeohyphomycosis 493</p>
<p>19.1 Phaeohyphomycosis–at–a–Glance 493</p>
<p>19.2 Introduction 493</p>
<p>19A Cutaneous Subcutaneous Phaeohyphomycosis 494</p>
<p>19B Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis 499</p>
<p>19C Fungal Sinusitis 503</p>
<p>19.3 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 506<br /> </p>
<p>20. Eumycetoma (Madura Foot, Maduramycosis) 513</p>
<p>20.1 Eumycetoma at–a–Glance 513</p>
<p>20.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 513</p>
<p>20.3 Case Presentation 514</p>
<p>20.4 Diagnosis 514</p>
<p>20.5 Etiologic Agent(s) 514</p>
<p>20.6 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 515</p>
<p>20.7 Epidemiology 515</p>
<p>20.8 Risk Groups/Factors 516</p>
<p>20.9 Transmission 516</p>
<p>20.10 Determinants of Pathogenicity 516</p>
<p>20.11 Clinical Forms (Fahal, 2004) 517</p>
<p>20.12 Veterinary Forms 518</p>
<p>20.13 Therapy 518</p>
<p>20.14 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 520</p>
<p>Part Six Dermatophytosis and Dermatomycoses (Superficial Cutaneous Mycoses)</p>
<p>21. Dermatophytosis 527</p>
<p>21.1 Dermatophytosis–at–a–Glance 527</p>
<p>21.2 Introduction/Disease Definition 528</p>
<p>21.3 Case Presentations 529</p>
<p>21.4 Diagnosis 530</p>
<p>21.5 Etiologic Agents 530</p>
<p>21.6 Geographic Distribution/Ecologic Niche 534</p>
<p>21.7 Epidemiology 534</p>
<p>21.8 Risk Groups/Factors 537</p>
<p>21.9 Transmission 539</p>
<p>21.10 Determinants of Pathogenicity 540</p>
<p>21.11 Clinical Forms 542</p>
<p>21.12 Veterinary Forms 550</p>
<p>21.13 Therapy 552</p>
<p>21.14 Laboratory Detection, Recovery, and Identification 554</p>
<p>22. Dermatomycoses 567<br /> </p>
<p>22A Major Nondermatophytic Fungi from Skin and Nails 567</p>
<p>22B Superficial Mycosis of the Hair Caused by a Nondermatophyte Mold: Black Piedra 569</p>
<p>22C Superficial Mycoses Caused by Yeasts and Yeast–like Fungi 571</p>
<p>22D Chrysosporium and Other Nonpathogenic or Opportunistic Fungi Isolated from Skin and Resembling Dermatophytes in Culture 584</p>
<p>Selected References for</p>
<p>Dermatomycoses 585</p>
<p>Website Cited 587</p>
<p>Questions 587</p>
<p>Glossary 589</p>
<p>Answer Key 607</p>
<p>Index 611</p>