Part 1 Towards a higher stage of Marxian economics - the concept of "value" fundamentally re-examined and developed: newly developed interrelation of 3 concepts - labour-time, value and price; doesn't tertiary industry create value. Part 2 The immanent self-contradictions in Marx's labour theory of value - in connection with the transformation problems: is the labour-value theory really valid in capital; the confusion involved in the labour-time - value - price system; the significance or rather insignificance of the so-called transformation problem. Part 3 An error common to the transformation of money into capital and the primative accumulation - pre-capitalist societies do and do not produce surplus: no surplus value in the pre-capitalist societies; capital and surplus in narrower and broader senses by Marx; the theoretical process in which Marx fell in to error; succession of confusion from the transformation of money into capital to primitive accumulation. Part 4 The fundamental defects in the laws in capital - the laws of capitalist accumulation and the falling rate of profit re-examined: Hegel's view on civil society and Marx; basic laws developed in capital; communism and humanism. Part 5 Materialist concept of history and the structure of capital: capital as a cornerstone vs man's responsibility; method of Marx its historical background and dialectics; the dialectical structure of capital; dialectics - an illusion. Part 6 Hegelian fallacy in Marxian philosophy - an inquiry into the roots of ambiguity mistaken for profundity: dialectics as the negation of aristotelian law of contradiction; contradiction and opposition interchanged; unity and struggle of opposites; dialectics, empiricism and value judgement. Part 7 The law of the falling rate of profit, reproduction scheme and imperialist expansion - the self-contradiction common to Marx's law and Lenin's scheme: the fundamental contradiction involved in the law of the falling rate of profit; Marx's law of the falling rate of profit and Lenin's scheme of expanding reproduction; the theoretical legacy from capital to imperialism. Part 8 Marxian economics in the contemporary world - the discussions with Chinese, Polish and Russian economists: the economic growth of world capitalism vs the foresights of Marx and Keynes - a lecture in China; the fallacy of the law common to all social systems; some discussions with Soviet economists. Appendices: The two factors which nullify the law of the falling rate of profit; capital coefficient lowering technical progress; the effect of the turnover of capital on the rate of profit.