<p><strong>Brief Table of Contents</strong></p> <p>1 Introducing the SIOP® Model</p> <p>2 Lesson Preparation</p> <p>3 Building Background</p> <p>4 Comprehensible Input</p> <p>5 Strategies</p> <p>6 Interaction</p> <p>7 Practice & Application</p> <p>8 Lesson Delivery</p> <p>9 Review & Assessment</p> <p>10 Issues of Reading, RTI, and Special Education for English Learners</p> <p>11 Effective Use of the SIOP® Protocol</p> <p>12 Frequently Asked Questions: Getting Started with the SIOP® Model</p> <p><strong>Detailed Table of Contents</strong></p> <p><strong>1 Introducing the SIOP® Model 1</strong></p> <p>Background on English Learners 3</p> <p>Demographic Trends 3</p> <p>Diverse Characteristics 4</p> <p>School Reform, Standards, and Accountability 8</p> <p>Achievement Gaps 10</p> <p>Academic Language and Literacy 12</p> <p>Research on Academic Language and Literacy 13</p> <p>Role in Schooling 13</p> <p>Effective Instructional Practice for English Learners: The SIOP® Model 15</p> <p>Content-based ESL and Sheltered Content Instruction 15</p> <p>Research and Development of the Sheltered Instruction Observation</p> <p>Protocol (SIOP®) Model 17</p> <p>Effective SIOP® Model Instruction 20</p> <p>Implementing the SIOP® Model 24</p> <p>Summary 25</p> <p>Discussion Questions 25</p> <p><strong>2 Lesson Preparation 27</strong></p> <p>Background 28</p> <p>Selecting and Writing Content and Language Objectives 35</p> <p>Teaching Ideas for Lesson Preparation 50</p> <p>Differentiating Ideas for Multi-level Classes 53</p> <p>Rating Lessons with the SIOP® Protocol 54</p> <p>The Lesson 55</p> <p>Teaching Scenarios 56</p> <p>Discussion of Lessons 62</p> <p>Teaching with Technology 66</p> <p>Summary 68</p> <p>Discussion Questions 68</p> <p><strong>3 Building Background 70</strong></p> <p>Background 71</p> <p>Something to Think About 74</p> <p>Academic Vocabulary 76</p> <p>Word Consciousness 80</p> <p>Teaching Academic Vocabulary 80</p> <p>Teaching Ideas for Building Background 81</p> <p>Differentiating Ideas for Multi-level Classes 88</p> <p>The Lesson 89</p> <p>Teaching Scenarios 90</p> <p>Discussion of Lessons 96</p> <p>Teaching with Technology 99</p> <p>Summary 100</p> <p>Discussion Questions 100</p> <p><strong>4 Comprehensible Input 102</strong></p> <p>Background 104</p> <p>Teaching Ideas for Comprehensible Input 111</p> <p>Differentiating Ideas for Multi-level Classes 112</p> <p>The Lesson 113</p> <p>Teaching Scenarios 113</p> <p>Discussion of Lessons 118</p> <p>Teaching with Technology 122</p> <p>Summary 124</p> <p>Discussion Questions 124</p> <p><strong>5 Strategies 125</strong></p> <p>Background 126</p> <p>Things to Consider When Teaching Learning Strategies 128</p> <p>Three Types of Scaffolding 131</p> <p>Teaching Ideas for Strategies 133</p> <p>Differentiating Ideas for Multi-level Classes 136</p> <p>The Lesson 137</p> <p>Teaching Scenarios 138</p> <p>Discussion of Lessons 145</p> <p>Teaching with Technology 149</p> <p>Summary 150</p> <p>Discussion Questions 150</p> <p><strong>6 Interaction 152</strong></p> <p>Background 154</p> <p>Typical Lesson 155</p> <p>SIOP® Lesson 156</p> <p>Oral Language Development 158</p> <p>Teaching Ideas for Interaction 167</p> <p>Differentiating Ideas for Multi-level Classes 169</p> <p>The Lesson 171</p> <p>Teaching Scenarios 171</p> <p>Discussion of Lessons 176</p> <p>Teaching with Technology 179</p> <p>Summary 180</p> <p>Discussion Questions 181</p> <p><strong>7 Practice & Application 182</strong></p> <p>Background 183</p> <p>Teaching Ideas for Practice & Application 189</p> <p>Differentiating Ideas for Multi-level Classes 190</p> <p>The Lesson 192</p> <p>Teaching Scenarios 193</p> <p>Discussion of Lessons 198</p> <p>Teaching with Technology 201</p> <p>Summary 202</p> <p>Discussion Questions 202</p> <p><strong>8 Lesson Delivery 204</strong></p> <p>Background 205</p> <p>Linking Lesson Preparation and Lesson Delivery 210</p> <p>Teaching Ideas for Lesson Delivery 212</p> <p>Differentiating Ideas for Multi-level Classes 213</p> <p>The Lesson 214</p> <p>Teaching Scenarios 215</p> <p>Discussion of Lessons 218</p> <p>Teaching with Technology 222</p> <p>Summary 223</p> <p>Discussion Questions 223</p> <p><strong>9 Review & Assessment 225</strong></p> <p>Background 226</p> <p>Classroom Context and the Review & Assessment Component 227</p> <p>Formative and Summative Assessment 228</p> <p>Informal Assessment 228</p> <p>Formal Assessment 229</p> <p>Teaching Ideas for Review & Assessment 235</p> <p>Differentiating Ideas for Multi-level Classes 238</p> <p>The Lesson 240</p> <p>Teaching Scenarios 240</p> <p>Discussion of Lessons 246</p> <p>Teaching with Technology 250</p> <p>Summary 251</p> <p>Discussion Questions 252</p> <p><strong>10 Issues of Reading, RTI, and Special Education for English Learners 254</strong></p> <p>Issues of Reading Development and Assessment 255</p> <p>Estimating Students’ Reading Levels 257</p> <p>English Learners and the Common Core State Standards for Reading, Writing, Listening, and Speaking 259</p> <p>Assisting Struggling Learners: Response to Intervention 262</p> <p>Issues Related to Special Education 264</p> <p>Special Education Services: When Are They Appropriate? 267</p> <p>Search for Intervention Rather than Disability 269</p> <p>Teaching Ideas for Students with Special Needs 270</p> <p>Summary 272</p> <p>Discussion Questions 272</p> <p><strong>11 Effective Use of the SIOP® Protocol 274</strong></p> <p>Best Practice in Using the SIOP® Protocol 275</p> <p>Scoring and Interpreting the SIOP® Protocol 277</p> <p>Assigning Scores 278</p> <p>Not Applicable (NA) Category 278</p> <p>Calculating Scores 279</p> <p>Using Non-Numeric Rating 280</p> <p>Sample Lesson 280</p> <p>Using SIOP® Scores and Comments 284</p> <p>Reliability and Validity of the SIOP® 293</p> <p>Summary 293</p> <p>Discussion Questions 293</p> <p><strong>12 Frequently Asked Questions: Getting Started with the SIOP® Model 294</strong></p> <p>General SIOP® Questions 295</p> <p>Questions About Getting Started with SIOP® in the Classroom 297</p> <p>Questions About School-wide Implementation of the SIOP® Model 298</p> <p>Appendix A: SIOP® (Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol) 302</p> <p>Appendix B: Lesson Plans 312</p> <p>Appendix C: Research on the SIOP® (Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol) Model 317</p> <p>Appendix D: SIOP® Professional Development Resources 323</p> <p>Glossary 326</p> <p>References 331</p> <p>Index 353</p>