1 Molecular Determinants of Microbial Pathogenesis<br>2 Normal and Impaired Immunologic Responses to Infection<br>3 The Host Response to Infections: The “-omics” Revolution<br>4 Fever: Pathogenesis and Treatment<br>5 The Human Microbiome<br>6 Epidemiology and Biostatistics of Infectious Diseases<br><br>SECTION 1 Upper Respiratory Tract Infections<br>7 The Common Cold<br>8 Infections of the Oral Cavity<br>9 Pharyngitis (Pharyngitis, Tonsillitis, Tonsillopharyngitis, and Nasopharyngitis)<br>10 Uvulitis<br>11 Peritonsillar, Retropharyngeal, and Parapharyngeal Abscesses<br>12 Cervical Lymphadenitis<br>13 Parotitis<br>14 Rhinosinusitis<br>15 Otitis Externa<br>16 Otitis Media<br>17 Mastoiditis<br>18 Croup (Laryngitis, Laryngotracheitis, Spasmodic Croup, Laryngotracheobronchitis, Bacterial Tracheitis, and Laryngotracheobronchopneumonitis) and Epiglottitis (Supraglottitis)<br><br>SECTION 2 Lower Respiratory Tract Infections<br>19 Acute Bronchitis<br>20 Chronic Bronchitis<br>21 Bronchiolitis and Infectious Asthma<br>22 Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia<br>23 Empyema and Lung Abscess<br>24 Children’s Interstitial Lung Disease and Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis<br>25 Cystic Fibrosis<br><br>SECTION 3 Infections of the Heart<br>26 Infective Endocarditis<br>27 Infectious Pericarditis<br>28 Myocarditis<br>29 Acute Rheumatic Fever<br>30 Mediastinitis<br><br>SECTION 4 Central Nervous System Infections<br>31 Bacterial Meningitis Beyond the Neonatal Period<br>32 Parameningeal Infections<br>33 Fungal Meningitis<br>34 Eosinophilic Meningitis<br>35 Aseptic Meningitis and Viral Meningitis<br>36 Encephalitis and Meningoencephalitis<br>37 Parainfectious and Postinfectious Demyelinating Disorders of the Central Nervous System<br>38 Infection-Associated Myelitis and Myelopathies of the Spinal Cord<br>39 Guillain-Barré Syndrome<br><br>SECTION 5 Genitourinary Tract Infections<br>40 Urethritis<br>41 Cystitis and Pyelonephritis<br>42 Renal Abscess<br>43 Prostatitis<br>44 Female Genital Infections<br><br>SECTION 6 Gastrointestinal Tract Infections<br>45 Esophagitis<br>46 Approach to Patients With Gastrointestinal Tract Infections and Food Poisoning<br>47 Clostridioides difficile Infection<br>48 Whipple Disease<br><br>SECTION 7 Liver Diseases<br>49 Hepatitis<br>50 Cholangitis and Cholecystitis<br>51 Pyogenic Liver Abscess<br>52 Reye Syndrome<br><br>SECTION 8 Other Intraabdominal Infections<br>53 Appendicitis and Pelvic Abscess<br>54 Pancreatitis<br>55 Peritonitis and Intraabdominal Abscess<br>56 Retroperitoneal Infections<br><br>SECTION 9 Musculoskeletal Infections<br>57 Osteomyelitis<br>58 Septic Arthritis<br>59 Bacterial Myositis and Pyomyositis<br><br>SECTION 10 Skin Infections<br>60 Cutaneous Manifestations of Systemic Infections<br>61 Roseola Infantum (Exanthem Subitum)<br>62 Bacterial Skin Infections<br><br>SECTION 11 Ocular Infectious Diseases<br>64 Ocular Infections<br><br>SECTION 12 Systemic Infectious Diseases<br>65 Bacteremia and Septic Shock<br>66 Fever Without Source and Fever of Unknown Origin<br>67 Toxic Shock Syndrome<br><br>SECTION 13 Infections of the Fetus and Newborn<br>68 Approach to Infections in the Fetus and Newborn<br><br>SECTION 14 Infections of the Compromised Host<br>69 Inborn Errors of Immunity (Primary Immunodeficiencies)<br>70 The Febrile Neutropenic Patient<br>71 Opportunistic Infections in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation<br>72 Infections in Pediatric Heart Transplantation<br>73 Infections in Pediatric Lung Transplantation<br>74 Opportunistic Infections in Liver and Intestinal Transplantation<br>75 Infections in Renal Transplantation<br>76 Infections Related to Prosthetic or Artificial Devices<br>77 Infections in Burn Patients<br><br>SECTION 15 Unclassified Infectious Diseases<br>78 Kawasaki Disease<br>79 Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (Systemic Exertion Intolerance Disease)<br>SECTION 16 Bacterial Infections<br><br>SUBSECTION I Gram-Positive Cocci<br>80 Staphylococcus aureus Infections (Coagulase-Positive Staphylococci)<br>81 Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcal Infections<br>82 Group A, Group C, and Group G β-Hemolytic Streptococcal Infections<br>83 Group B Streptococcal Infections<br>84 Enterococcal and Viridans Streptococcal Infections<br>85 Pneumococcal Infections<br>86 Miscellaneous Gram-Positive Cocci<br><br>SUBSECTION II Gram-Negative Cocci<br>87 Moraxella catarrhalis<br>88 Meningococcal Disease<br>89 Gonococcal Infections<br><br>SUBSECTION III Gram-Positive Bacilli<br>90 Diphtheria<br>91 Anthrax<br>92 Bacillus cereus and Other Bacillus Species<br>93 Arcanobacterium haemolyticum<br>94 Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae<br>95 Listeriosis<br>96 Tuberculosis<br>97 Other Mycobacteria<br>98 Leprosy and Buruli Ulcer: The Major Cutaneous Mycobacterioses<br>99 Nocardia<br>100 Corynebacterium and Rhodococcus<br><br>SUBSECTION IV Gram-Negative Bacilli<br>101 Citrobacter<br>102 Enterobacter<br>103 Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli<br>104 Diarrhea-Causing and Dysentery-Causing Escherichia coli<br>105 Klebsiella<br>106 Morganella morganii<br>107 Proteus<br>108 Providencia<br>109 Shigella<br>110 Serratia<br>111 Salmonella<br>112 Plague (Yersinia pestis)<br>113 Other Yersinia Species<br>114 Miscellaneous Enterobacteriaceae<br>115 Aeromonas<br>116 Pasteurella multocida<br>117 Cholera<br>118 Vibrio parahaemolyticus<br>119 Vibrio vulnificus<br>120 Miscellaneous Non-Enterobacteriaceae Fermentative Bacilli<br>121 Acinetobacter<br>122 Achromobacter (Alcaligenes)<br>123 Eikenella corrodens<br>124 Elizabethkingia and Chryseobacterium Species<br>125 Pseudomonas and Related Genera<br>126 Stenotrophomonas (Xanthomonas) maltophilia<br><br>SUBSECTION V Gram-Negative Coccobacilli<br>127 Aggregatibacter Species<br>128 Brucellosis<br>129 Pertussis and Other Bordetella Infections<br>130 Donovanosis (Granuloma inguinale)<br>131 Campylobacter Species<br>132 Tularemia<br>133 Haemophilus influenzae<br>134 Other Haemophilus Species (ducreyi, haemolyticus, influenzae biogroup aegyptius, and parainfluenzae)<br>135 Helicobacter pylori<br>136 Kingella kingae<br>137 Legionnaires’ Disease, Pontiac Fever, and Related Illnesses<br>138 Q Fever<br>139 Streptobacillus moniliformis (Rat-Bite Fever)<br>140 Bartonella Infections<br><br>SUBSECTION VI Treponemataceae<br>141 Lyme Disease<br>142 Relapsing Fever<br>143 Leptospirosis<br>144 Spirillum minus (Rat-Bite Fever)<br>145 Syphilis<br>146 Nonvenereal Treponematoses<br><br>SUBSECTION VII Anaerobic Bacteria<br>147 Clostridial Intoxication and Infection<br>148 Infant Botulism<br>149 Tetanus<br>150 Actinomycosis<br>151 Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Prevotella, and Porphyromonas<br><br>SECTION 17 Viral Infections<br>SUBSECTION I DNA—Parvoviridae<br>152 Human Parvovirus B19<br>153 Human Bocaviruses<br>SUBSECTION II DNA—Polyomaviridae<br>154 Human Polyomaviruses<br>155 Human Papillomaviruses<br>SUBSECTION III DNA—Adenoviridae<br>156 Adenoviruses<br>SUBSECTION IV DNA—Hepatoviridae<br>157 Hepatitis B and D Viruses<br>SUBSECTION V DNA—Herpesviridae<br>158 Herpes Simplex Viruses 1 and 2<br>159 Cytomegalovirus<br>160 Epstein-Barr Virus<br>161 Human Herpesviruses 6A, 6B, 7, and 8<br>162 Varicella Zoster Virus<br>SUBSECTION VI DNA—Poxviridae<br>163 Smallpox (Variola Virus)<br>164 Monkeypox and Other Poxviruses<br>165 Mimiviruses<br>SUBSECTION I RNA—Picornaviridae<br>166 Enteroviruses, Parechoviruses, and Saffold Viruses<br>167 Rhinoviruses<br>168 Hepatitis A Virus<br>SUBSECTION II RNA—Caliciviridae<br>169 Caliciviruses<br>170 Hepatitis E Virus<br>SUBSECTION III RNA—Reoviridae<br>171 Reoviruses<br>172 Orbiviruses, Coltiviruses, and Seadornaviruses: Colorado Tick Fever, Banna Virus, and Others<br>173 Rotavirus<br>SUBSECTION IV RNA—Togaviridae<br>174 Rubella Virus<br>175 Eastern Equine Encephalitis<br>176 Western Equine Encephalitis<br>177 Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis<br>178 Chikungunya<br>179 Ross River Virus Arthritis<br>180 Other Alphaviral Infections<br>SUBSECTION V Flaviviridae<br>181 St. Louis Encephalitis<br>182 West Nile Virus<br>183 Yellow Fever<br>184 Dengue, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, and Severe Dengue<br>185 Japanese Encephalitis<br>186 Murray Valley Encephalitis<br>187 Tick-Borne Encephalitis<br>188 Zika Virus Infections<br>189 Other Less Commonly Recognized Flaviviruses<br>190 Hepatitis C Virus<br>SUBSECTION VI Orthomyxoviridae<br>191 Influenza Viruses<br>SUBSECTION VII Paramyxoviridae<br>192 Parainfluenza Viruses<br>193 Measles Virus<br>194 Mumps Virus<br>195 Respiratory Syncytial Virus<br>196 Human Metapneumovirus<br>SUBSECTION VIII Rhabdoviridae<br>197 Rabies Virus<br>SUBSECTION IX Arenaviridae and Filoviridae<br>198 Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus<br>199 Arenaviral Hemorrhagic Fevers<br>200 Filoviral Hemorrhagic Fever: Marburg and Ebola Virus Fevers<br>SUBSECTION X Coronaviridae and Torovirdae<br>201 Human Coronaviruses<br>SUBSECTION XI Bunyaviridae<br>202 Hantaviruses<br>203 La Crosse Virus and Other California Serogroup Viruses<br>204 Rift Valley Fever<br>205 Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever<br>206 Phlebotomus Fever (Sandfly Fever),<br>207 Oropouche Fever<br>208 Toscana Virus<br>SUBSECTION XII Retroviridae<br>209 Oncoviruses (Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Viruses) and Lentiviruses (Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2)<br>210 Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome<br>SUBSECTION XIII Prion-Related Diseases<br>211 Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker Disease, Kuru, Fatal Familial Insomnia, New Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, Sporadic Fatal Insomnia, Variably Protease Sensitive Prionopathy)<br><br>SECTION 18 Chlamydia<br>212 Chlamydia Infections<br><br>SECTION 19 Rickettsial Diseases<br>213 Rickettsial and Ehrlichial Diseases<br><br>SECTION 20 Mycoplasma<br>214 Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma Infections<br><br>SECTION 21 Fungal Diseases<br>215 Aspergillosis<br>216 Blastomycosis<br>217 Candidiasis<br>218 Coccidioidomycosis<br>219 Paracoccidioidomycosis<br>220 Cryptococcosis<br>221 Histoplasmosis<br>222 Sporotrichosis<br>223 Mucormycosis and Entomophthoramycosis<br>224 Fusariosis and Scedosporiosis<br>225 Miscellaneous Mycoses<br><br>SECTION 22 Parasitic Diseases<br>SUBSECTION I Protozoa<br>226 Amebiasis<br>227 Blastocystis hominis and Blastocystis spp. Infection<br>228 Entamoeba coli Infection<br>229 Giardiasis<br>230 Dientamoeba fragilis Infections<br>231 Trichomonas Infections<br>232 Balantidium coli Infection<br>233 Cryptosporidiosis<br>234 Cyclosporiasis, Cystoisosporiasis, and Microsporidiosis<br>235 Babesiosis<br>236 Malaria<br>237 Leishmaniasis<br>238 Trypanosomiasis<br>239 Naegleria, Acanthamoeba, and Balamuthia Infections<br>240 Toxoplasmosis<br>241 Pneumocystis Pneumonia<br>SUBSECTION II Nematodes<br>242 Parasitic Nematode Infections<br>SUBSECTION III Cestodes<br>243 Cestodes<br>SUBSECTION IV Trematodes<br>244 Foodborne Trematodes<br>245 Schistosomiasis<br>SUBSECTION V Arthropods<br>246 Arthropods<br><br>SECTION 23 Global Health<br>247 Global Health<br>248 International Travel Considerations for Children<br>249 Infectious Disease Considerations in International Adoptees and Refugees<br>250 Antibiotic Resistance<br>251 The Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Interface: Determinants of Antiinfective Drug Action and Efficacy in Pediatrics<br>252 Antibacterial Therapeutic Agents<br>253 Antimicrobial Prophylaxis<br>254 Outpatient Intravenous Antimicrobial Therapy for Serious Infections<br>255 Antiviral Agents<br>256 Antifungal Agents<br>257 Drugs for Parasitic Infections<br>258 Immunomodulating Agents<br>259 Probiotics<br>260 Health Care–Associated Infections<br>261 Antimicrobial Stewardship<br>262 Active Immunizing Agents<br>263 Passive Immunization<br><br>SECTION 24 Other Preventive Considerations<br>264 Public Health Aspects of Infectious Disease Control<br>265 Infections in Out-of-Home Childcare<br>266 Animal and Human Bites<br>267 Bioterrorism<br>268 Bacterial Laboratory Diagnosis<br>269 Fungal Diagnostics for Pediatric Patients<br>270 Viral Laboratory Diagnosis<br>271 Parasitic Laboratory Diagnosis