List of Illustrations Acknowledgements List of Abbreviations Introduction: Militarism and the Left: Conceptual Problems and the Case of Britain Ideological Context: War, Martial Values, and Military Prestige Civil-Military Relations under the Pre-War Liberal Governments The Militarization of the State: Armaments, Popular Navalism, and the Liberal Party The Militarization of Society: Compulsory Service, the National Service League, and Progressive Politics Alternatives to Conscription: Richard Burdon Haldane and a 'Liberal' Nation-in-Arms Conclusion and Epilogue: Militarism and the Left by 1914, the Great War, and the Coming of Conscription Appendix I: Liberal MPs with military or naval experience sitting in the House of Commons between 1900 and 1914 Appendix II: Liberal MPs affiliated to the Navy League before 1914 Appendix III: Members of the Liberal War Committee by December 1916 Bibliography Index