Cerebral Circulation and Metabolism

Session 1 Autoregulation.- The Lower and Upper Limits for Autoregulation of Cerebral Blood Flow.- Acute Arterial Hypertension and the Blood-Brain Barrier: An Experimental Study in Dogs.- Effects of Local Increases of Venous Pressure on Canine Cerebral Hemodynamics.- The Effect of Lowered Cardiac Output on Cerebral Blood Flow.- Autoregulation of Cerebral Blood Flow During Controlled Hypotension.- Cerebral Blood Flow Autoregulation, Cerebrospinal Fluid Acid-Base Parameters, and Profound Hypotension Induced by Sodium Nitroprusside and Deep Halothane Anesthesia.- Correlation of Regional Cerebral Blood Volume with PaCO2 and Arterial Blood Pressure.- Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism with Regard to Autoregulation in Cerebral Perfusion Pressure Experiments.- Summary of Session 1.- Session 2 Chemical Control.- The Effect of Metabolic Alkalosis on Cerebral Blood Flow in Man.- Circulation to the Brain of Rats During Acute and Prolonged Hypercapnia and Hypocapnia.- Primate Pial Arterial Pressure Responses to Changes in Inspired CO2 and Systemic Arterial Pressure.- Dual Control of Cerebral Circulation: Separate Sites of Action in Vascular Tree in Autoregulation and Chemical Control.- Interdependence of Capillary Flow and Regional Blood Flow of the Brain.- Interactions of Ionic Mechanisms in the Regulation of the Resistance of Pial Vessels.- The Effect of Local Changes in Bicarbonate and Potassium Concentration on Hypothalamic Blood Flow.- Cerebral Hemodynamics: The Effect of Hypoxia on Autoregulation and CO2 Reactivity.- Summary of Session 2.- Session 3 Focal Lesions I.- Acute Systemic Hypertension and Resultant Prolonged Focal Cerebral Ischemia.- Cerebral Edema Due to Cerebral Infarction in the Gerbil.- Development and Resolution of Edema in Experimental Cerebral Ischemia and Infarction.- Cerebral Blood Flow in the Baboon Following Carotid Ligation: Effects of Hypoxia and Hypotension.- Atraumatic Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Monkeys.- Alpha Methyl p-Tyrosine and Experimental Stroke.- Energy Metabolites, Water Content, and Catecholamine Changes in a Model of Cerebral Embolic Infarction.- Regional Cerebral Metabolism in Experimental Brain Infarction.- Segmental Reactivity of Cerebral Vessels and Brain Damage.- Summary of Session 3.- Session 4 Focal Lesions II.- False Autoregulation After Cold Injury to the Cerebral Cortex.- CBF and Regional Energy Metabolism in Cold-Injury Edema Following Moderate and Severe Hypocapnia or Hypercapnia.- Quantitative Studies of Experimental Cerebral Edema.- Focal Autoregulatory Disturbances in Middle Cerebral Artery Vasospasm.- Regional Blood Flow in the Brain and in the Cervical Cord in Experimental Head Trauma.- The Experimental Production of Charcot-Bouchard Miliary Arterial Microaneurysms in Hypertensive Rabbits.- Cerebrovascular Response to Hypocapnia in Normal and Brain-Injured Dogs.- Summary of Session 4.- Session 5 Methodology I.- Discrepancies in the Results of Flow Measurements Using Different Isotopes: 85Kr, 133Xe, and 14C-Antipyrine.- The Influence of Capillary Permeability Limitations on the Measurement of Regional Cerebral Blood Flow.- Brain Concentrations of 14C-Nicotine and 14C-Antipyrine After Intravenous Injection.- Variation in Gamma Index (Dimensionless Dispersion) of Hydrogen Gas in a Single Human Brain.- Determination of Diffusion Shunt in Brain and Its Influence on Blood Flow Measurements. A Diffusion Shunt Model.- Heterogeneity of Regional Cerebral Blood Flow and Regional Distribution of Relative Weights of Gray and White Matter in Normal Subjects.- The Effect of Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow on Compartmental Weight.- Regional Cerebral Blood Flow. Evaluation of the Microsphere Technique.- Pulsatile Blood Flow Pattern in Cerebral Circulation.- Heterogeneity of Tritiated Water Uptake by the Brain.- Summary of Session 5.- Session 6 Diffuse Ischemia I.- Irreversible Brain Damage Produced by Hypoxia.- Disturbances of Cerebral Microcirculation after Cerebral Ischemia.- Postischemic Recovery of Nucleotide Metabolism in the Cat Brain.- Cerebral Blood Flow, Brain Water, and Electrolytes during Recovery from One Hour’s Cerebral Ischemia.- Anoxia and Critical Oxygen Tension in Brain Tissue.- The Effect of Ischemia on the Pyridine Nucleotide Redox State of the Cerebral Cortex of Cats.- Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism at Different Levels of Decreased Cerebral Perfusion Pressure Induced by Raised Intracranial Pressure and Normovolemic Arterial Hypotension.- The Significance of Cerebral Cortical Hypoxia in Experimental Shock Induced by Endotoxin.- Summary of Session 6.- Session 7 Diffuse Ischemia II.- Intracranial Pressure, Brain Blood Flow Regulation, and Glucose and Oxygen Metabolism after 15 Minutes of Circulatory Arrest in Dogs.- Cerebral Metabolic State during Postischemic “Recovery”.- An Intrinsic Metabolic Mechanism to Protect the Brain during Progressive Cerebral Ischemia.- Endothelial Ischemia. Scanning (SEM) and Transmission (TEM) Electron Microscope Studies in Rabbit.- A Technique for the Assessment of Cerebral Circulation for Diagnosis of Cerebral Death.- Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism in High Altitude Residents.- Factors Improving Postischemic Cerebrovascular Obstruction.- Summary of Session 7.- Session 8 ICP and CBF.- The Effects of the Hydrocephalic Process on Cerebral Blood Flow in the Cat.- Comparative Effects of Increased Intracranial Pressure upon Cerebral Oxygenation Cortical Evoked Potential, and Brain Survival.- The Relationship between Cortical Electrical Activity, Cerebral Perfusion Pressure, and Cerebral Blood Flow during Increased Intracranial Pressure.- Differential Pressures Recorded in Acute Epidural Expanding Lesions. Correlation with Local Cerebral Blood Flow by Hydrogen Clearance in Baboons.- Intracranial Pressure Gradients and Cerebral Blood Flow.- Intracranial Pressure, Cerebral Blood Flow, and Prognosis in Patients with Severe Head Injuries.- Disturbed Regulation of CBF after Acute Brain Injury with Particular Reference to the Effects of MIVP and CPP.- Cerebrovascular Response Pattern during CO2 Rebreathing.- Summary of Session 8.- Session 9 Clinical Stroke.- Cerebral Autoregulation. Regional Cerebral Blood Flow and Cardiohemodynamic Measurements.- Regional Flow in Scintigraphically Positive Vascular Brain Lesions.- Regional Cerebral Blood Flow and CSF Pressure Responses to Stimuli in Cerebral Infarction.- Studies of rCBF on Neuropsychological Disorders Caused by Acute Cerebrovascular Accidents in the Major Hemisphere.- Relationship between Different Levels of CBF and Reactivity to Physiological Stimuli (CO2, and MABP).- Preoperative and Postoperative Cerebral Blood Flow in Patients with Carotid Artery Stenoses.- Monitoring of CBF in the Operating Room during Carotid Ligation.- Microvascular Surgery of the Brain and Regional Cerebral Blood Flow.- rCBF Study as a Test in the Management of Arterial Hypertension.- Correlation of Continuous Electroencephalograms with Cerebral Blood Flow Measurements during Carotid Endarterectomy.- Summary of Session 9.- Session 10 Clinical Miscellaneous.- Abnormal Cerebral Vasomotor Function in Migraine.- Abnormalities of rCBF in Chronic Schizophrenia with Mental Deterioration.- Regional Cerebral Blood Flow, Cerebral Metabolic Rate of Oxygen, and Cerebrospinal Fluid Acid-Base Findings in Patients with Acute Pyogenic Meningitis and with Acute Encephalitis.- Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism in Patients with Chronic Acidotic Renal Insufficiency.- The Relationship between Focal Lesions and rCBF Calculated by Bi-Compartmental Analysis and Initial Slope Index in Patients with Acute Brain Injuries.- rCBF and Cerebral Vasomotor Response in Brain Tumors following Dexamethasone Treatment.- Clinical Usefulness of Regional Cerebral Circulation Studies with Sodium Pertechnetate.- Changes in CBF and CSF in Brain Injuries.- Summary of Session 10.- Session 11 Pharmacology and Anesthesia.- Inhibition and Reversal of Prostaglandin-Induced Cerebral Vasospasm.- Effect of Cyclic AMP on Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in Normal Baboons.- Effects of Diphenylhydantoin on Local Cerebral Blood Flow.- Clinical Experience in the Management of Cerebral Vasospasm Using Intravenous Isoproterenol and Lidocaine Hydrochloride.- Barbiturate Protection Against Cerebral Infarction.- Halothane-Associated Preservation of Aerobic Cerebral Processes during Profound Arterial Hypotension.- Mechanism for Cerebral Vasodilation by Halothane.- Summary of Session 11.- Session 12 CBF and Electrical Activity.- rCBF in Focal Cortical Epilepsy.- The Mechanism of Cerebral Hyperemia in Electrically Induced Epileptic Seizures in Man.- Cerebral Metabolism and Cerebral Blood Flow during a Single Seizure in the Cat.- Quantitative Determination of Cortical Microflow and EEG in Graded Hypercapnia.- The Time Course of the Cerebral Circulatory Response to Metabolic Depression.- Effect of Mechanical rCBF Reduction on EEG in Man.- Association of Blood Flow and Acid-Base Change in Brain during Afferent Stimulation.- The Relationship between CBF and EEG during Visual Stimulation in the Rabbit.- Summary of Session 12.- Session 13 Methodology II.- Atraumatic Cerebral Blood Flow Estimation in Man.- Intravenous Isotope Injection Method of Cerebral Blood Flow Measurement: Accuracy and Reproducibility.- A Comparison of Three Isotope Inhalation Techniques for Cerebral Blood Flow Measurement and the Arteriovenous Oxygen Content Difference Method.- The 133Xe Inhalation Method: Assessment of rCBF in Carotid Endarterectomy.- Variability of Repeated Clinical Measurements of CBF Using the 133Xe Intracarotid Injection Technique.- Pitfalls in the Interpretation of Xenon CBF Studies in Head-Injured Patients.- Interpretation of Differences between “8-keV” and “31-keV” Decay Curves during Clearance of 133Xe in Cerebral Tissue of the Pig Recorded.- A Method and Instrumentation for Quantitating Local Cerebral Blood Flow in 144 Subdivisions of Human Brain, Using 133Xe and a Germanium Detector Array.- A 254-Detector System for Measuring Regional Cerebral Blood Flow.- Circadian Rhythm in Cerebral Blood Volume of Mouse.- Summary of Session 13.- Session 14 Neurogenic Control I.- The Effect of Alpha-Adrenergic Blockade on Cerebral Blood Flow during Hypocapnia.- Sympathetic Innervation and Carbon Dioxide Sensitivity.- Evidence for Neurogenic Influences on Cerebral Blood Flow in Man Obtained with the Arteriovenous Oxygen Content Difference Method.- Sympathetic Control of Cerebral Blood Flow in the Unanesthetized Goat.- Effects of Noradrenaline, Serotonin, and Dopamine on the Cerebral Blood Flow in the Dog.- Evidence for the Adrenergic Control of Cerebrovascular Tone.- Summary of Session 14.- Session 15 Neurogenic Control II.- Effect of Sympathetic Nerve Stimulation on Cerebral and Cephalic Blood Flow.- Regional Differences in Beta-Adrenergic Effects on Local Cerebral Blood Flow and Adrenergic Innervation.- Regional Brain Blood Flow during Sympathetic Stimulation.- Autonomic Control of Cerebral Blood Flow and Autoregulation.- Cholinergic and Adrenergic Innervation of Cerebral Vessels.- The Functional Significance of ?-Adrenergic and Cholinergic Receptors at Pial Arteries: A Microapplication Study.- Cholinergic Innervation and Vasomotor Response of Brain Vessels.- The Innervation of Cerebral Arterioles in the Cat.- Summary of Session 15.- Session 16 Neurogenic Control III.- Effect of ?- and ?-Adrenergic Blocking Agents on Regional Cerebral Blood Flow and CO2 Responsiveness in Patients with Cerebrovascular Disease.- The Upper Limit of Autoregulation and the Sympathetic System.- Autoregulation of Cerebral Circulation in Orthostatic Hypotension.- Evidence for Autoregulation in the Human Retinal Circulation.- Preliminary Analysis of the Neurogenic Vasoconstriction of Basilar Artery.- Mechanisms of “Autoregulation” of CBF.- Reversal of Response of Guinea Pig Arterioles to Isoproterenol during Hypoxia.- Summary of Session 16.- Session 17 Metabolism.- The Effect of ?-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) on Brain ATP Synthesis during Ischemia.- Comparative Effects of Various Metabolic Inhibitors on Cerebral Hemodynamics, Electrical Activity, and Cationic Transport.- Potassium Effects on Energy Metabolism and Epileptiform Activity in the Cat Hippocampus.- Prognostic Value of Carbohydrate Metabolites in CSF. “The Luxury Glucose Supply” of the Brain.- In Vivo Measurement of Cerebral Glucose Metabolism Employing 11C-Labeled Glucose.- A Method for Serial Study of Regional Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.- A Study of pO2 in Cerebrospinal Fluid during Clinical Anesthesia.- The Question of Uncoupling of Cerebral Oxidative Phosphorylation in Acute Cerebral Infarction.- The Effect of Controlled Hyperventilation on the Energy and Acid-Base Status of the Rat Brain.- Cerebral Autoregulation and Metabolism with Deep Hypothermia.- Summary of Session 17.- Session 18 General Discussion.- Evidence for Neurogenic Control of Cerebral Circulation.- Neurogenic Control of Cerebral Circulation.- Incidence and Significance of Vascular Occlusion in Focal and Diffuse Ischemia.- The No-Reflow Phenomenon.- Invasive Versus Noninvasive Techniques for Measurements of rCBF.- Summary of Session 18.